A COLLECTION OF GOOD WORDS
经济
Economy
Look, I'm very much in favor of tax cuts, but not with borrowed money. And the problem that we've gotten into in recent years is spending programs with borrowed money, tax cuts with borrowed money, and at the end of the day that proves disastrous. And my view is I don't think we can play subtle policy here.
听着，我非常赞成减税，但不是用借来的钱。近年来，我们所面临的问题是用借来的钱来进行开支计划，用借来的钱来减税，到头来，这被证明是灾难性的。我的观点是，我认为我们不能在这里玩微妙的政策。
The biggest change we have to tackle that's out there is that we're digging the hole deeper and deeper and spending is totally out of control. And that's something that, quite frankly, is affecting future generations. You're giving a lot of debt to them and you can't keep doing it. It's not helping anybody.
我们要解决的最大的变化是，我们挖的洞越来越深，消费完全失去了控制。坦率地说，这正在影响我们的后代。你给了他们很多债务，你不能一直这样做。这对任何人都没有帮助。
We're going to move from a commodity economy where you basically grow the same kind of crops - where a kernel of corn is a kernel of corn is a kernel of corn - to an ingredient economy where there will be a kernel of corn that will be designed for fuel, there will be a kernel of corn designed for livestock.
我们要从商品经济,你基本上种植同一种作物,玉米的内核是一个内核的玉米是一个内核的玉米——一个经济成分,将会有一个内核的玉米将为燃料,将会有一个内核的玉米用于牲畜。
[There is] a delusion that macro-economics is both viable and useful (a delusion encouraged by its extensive use of mathematics, which must always impress politicians lacking any mathematical education, and which is really the nearest thing to the practice of magic that occurs among professional economists).
(存在)一种错觉，认为宏观经济学既可行又有用(这种错觉是由其对数学的广泛应用所助长的，而这种广泛应用必然会给缺乏数学教育的政客留下深刻印象，而这实际上是职业经济学家中最接近魔术实践的东西)。
Clearly this is a tough economic time, and a lot of families are hurting. So when we talk to parents, we talk about small changes for kids and things that don't cost extra money. Like adding water and eliminating sugary drinks and sodas. That's going to save money right there. Or adding a few more vegetables.
很明显，这是一个艰难的经济时期，很多家庭都受到了伤害。所以当我们和父母交谈时，我们会谈论孩子们的小改变以及不需要额外花钱的事情。比如加水，减少含糖饮料和苏打水。这样就能省钱了。或者加一些蔬菜。
All those predictions about how much economic growth will be created by this, all of those new jobs, would be created by the things we wanted - the extension of unemployment insurance and middle class tax cuts. An estate tax for millionaires adds exactly zero jobs. A tax cut for billionaires - virtually none.
所有这些关于经济增长的预测，所有这些新的就业机会，都将由我们想要的东西创造出来——延长失业保险和中产阶级减税。对百万富翁征收遗产税，就业机会几乎为零。为亿万富翁减税——实际上没有。
In these times of the 'Great Recession', we shouldn't be trying to shift the benefits of wealth behind some curtain. We should be celebrating and encouraging people to make as much money as they can. Profits equal tax money. While some people might find it distasteful to pay taxes, I don't. I find it patriotic.
在“大衰退”时期，我们不应该试图把财富的好处隐藏起来。我们应该庆祝并鼓励人们尽可能多地赚钱。利润等于税金。虽然有些人可能觉得交税很讨厌，但我不这么认为。我觉得这很爱国。
I think women as well as men are concerned about jobs and the economy and spending and, and other issues. They're concerned that when their kids graduate from college they have an economy and they have a future in this country and they, they have the same opportunity that we've had and our grandparents have had.
我认为，女性和男性一样关心就业、经济、消费以及其他问题。他们担心，当他们的孩子从大学毕业时，他们在这个国家就有了经济，有了未来，他们拥有和我们以及我们的祖父母一样的机会。
Let me just try to give you sort of the intuitive one here on the stimulus funds. If you have a two-person economy - let's imagine we have two farms, and that's the whole world, just two farms. If one of those farmers gets unemployment benefits, who do you think pays for him? Am I going way over your heads today?
让我试着给你们一个直观的关于刺激基金的例子。假设你有一个两个人的经济体，假设我们有两个农场，这就是整个世界，只有两个农场。如果其中一个农民得到失业救济，你认为谁会为他买单?我今天是不是太过分了?
What corporations fear is the phenomenon now known, rather inelegantly, as 'commoditization.' What the term means is simply the conversion of the market for a given product into a commodity market, which is characterized by declining prices and profit margins, increasing competition, and lowered barriers to entry.
企业担心的是现在被称为“商品化”的现象。这个词的意思很简单，就是把特定产品的市场转变成商品市场。商品市场的特点是价格和利润率下降，竞争加剧，进入壁垒降低。
The reality is that business and investment spending are the true leading indicators of the economy and the stock market. If you want to know where the stock market is headed, forget about consumer spending and retail sales figures. Look to business spending, price inflation, interest rates, and productivity gains.
事实上，商业和投资支出才是经济和股市的真正领先指标。如果你想知道股市的走向，那就忘掉消费者支出和零售数据吧。看看企业支出、物价通胀、利率和生产率的提高。
We are only beginning to understand on how subtle a communication system the functioning of an advanced industrial society is based---a communications system which we call the market and which turns out to be a more efficient mechanism for digesting dispersed information than any that man has deliberately designed.
我们才刚刚开始了解先进工业社会运作的通讯系统是多么微妙——我们称之为市场的通讯系统，它是消化分散信息的一种比人类故意设计的任何通讯系统都更有效的机制。
KEEP EXPLORING
沿着这个主题，再读几句。
Economic growth and environmental protection are not at odds. They're opposite sides of the same coin if you're looking at longer-term prosperity.
经济增长和环境保护并不矛盾。如果你着眼于长期的繁荣，它们是同一枚硬币的两面。
Don't ever let economic alone determine your career or how you spend the majority of your time.
永远不要让经济因素独自决定你的职业或你如何度过大部分时间。
The purpose of studying economics is not to acquire a set of ready-made answers to economic questions, but to learn how to avoid being deceived by economists.
学习经济学的目的不是为了获得一套现成的经济问题的答案，而是学习如何避免被经济学家所欺骗。
The economy is not an abstraction. The economy consists of people, and it will only grow if people feel secure and are reasonably free.
经济不是一个抽象概念。经济是由人组成的，只有当人们感到安全并享有合理的自由时，经济才会增长。
You might say that economic history is the history of people learning to manage risk.
你可能会说经济史是人们学习管理风险的历史。
We need to recognise that what really matters isn't buying more and more consumer goods, but family, friends, and knowing that we are doing something worthwhile with our lives. Helping to reduce the appalling consequences of world poverty should be part of that reassessment.
我们需要认识到，真正重要的不是购买越来越多的消费品，而是家人、朋友，以及知道我们在用生命做一些有价值的事情。帮助减少世界贫困的可怕后果应该是重新评估的一部分。